英语各种时态的被动语态和主动语态的规则是什么 各举2个句子 “过去将来时态的主动语态和被动语态”的句子有哪些？
比如你的题目中三个句子，1、3是被动态，2是主动态。中文中的被动语态不一定需要必须说出“被”字，主要看句子结构，放在句子前面的主语结构是动作的实施对象，就是被动语态。
你的问题补充中，“你吃了吗”是省略了“饭”这个实施对象，改成被动语态的时候，不能省略这个对象，所以要改成“饭吃了吗”。还有一个，“病被治好了吗”实际上也是省略了实施主体的，就是治病的“医生”，所以改成主动语态的时候不能省略这个主体，要改成“医生治好你的病了吗”。
所以，主动、被动语态，最主要的就是要看我们强调的是哪个方面，如果强调的是动作的实施主体，就用主动语态，于是实施的对象就无关紧要了；如果强调的是动作实施的对象，就用被动语态，这时实施的主体就可有可无了。
主动语态指主语是谓语动作的使动方。也就是说谓语的动作源自主语，而施加于宾语。相反，被动语态中，主语是谓语动作的受动方，如果有宾语的，宾语往往是谓语动作的使动方。
在语法机构上，主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于，主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法；而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。
举例：
主动：The snowslide killed him.
被动：He was killed by the snowslide.
意义均为：他死于雪崩。
英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多，要普遍，许多课本乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这个问题。一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。须注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。注意那些汉语中没有"被……"的意思，英语却用被动态。还要注意，英语的被动态往往由"by"引出，而有用介词"by"的短语往往又不是被动态，而是系表结构。还有些待殊现象，如…known to man(人类......所知)，on foot步行(美国人有时用by foot)，in carraige(乘四轮马车)等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried等习惯用法。有关这类情况，做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态，准确无误地解答习题非常关键，被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题。英语的时态本来很复杂，怎样记住各自的被动形式呢? 首先要明确"将来进行无被动，现在完成进行
同"。这两种时态无被动形式。
另外，不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词，反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式。即便如此，还有不定式，动名词，分词，以及它们的复合结构)的被动态，再加上情态动词，助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂，真是令人头痛，眼花缭乱。下面口诀就以动词do为例，即do did过去式done过去分词，以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态，一定对你有所启示。
被动语态（一般现在时）
主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。
《被动语态的口诀》
一般现、过用be done，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing,
现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。
现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
特别注意：不用被动语态的情况：
1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：
appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand
break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.
(对) The price has risen.
(错) The accident was happened last week.
(对) The accident happened last week.
(错) The price has raised.
(对) The price has been raised.
(错) Please seat.
(对) Please be seated.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
This key just fits the lock.
Your story agrees with what had already been heard.
3) 系动词无被动语态：
appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn
It sounds good.
4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：
die, death, dream, live, life
She dreamed a bad dream last night.
5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
(对) She likes to swim.
(错) To swim is liked by her.PS:
编辑本段有些动词可以带双宾语
在用于被动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语前通常加上介词for/to
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.在记者招待会上人们问了他很多问题
They are taught a lot of things in the kindergartens.他们在幼儿园被教给很多东西。
A new MP4 was given to him as birthday present/gift.作为生日礼物他收到了一个新MP4。
怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词；
2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
一般现在时：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
一般过去时：was/were+及物动词的过去分词
现在进行时：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词
现在完成时：have/has been+及物动词的过去分词
一般将来时：be going to/will+be+及物动词的过去分词
含有情态动词：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
初中的话这些应该就够用喽！
给20分吧 我给你全打上～
英语各种时态的被动语态和主动语态的规则是什么 各举2个句子~
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,
2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态结构：be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …)在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。时态被动语态结构一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 一般将来时 shall/will/be going to be done 过去将来时 Would be done现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done Eg.Some people attacked the towers. S V O The towers were attacked by some people.S V1) A car knocked him down yesterday.-He was knocked down by a car yesterday．2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team． The medical team is made up of by two…．3)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree．A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.4)We’ll put on the play next Sunday．The play will be put on next Sunday．5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school．A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school．6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year． The railway had been completed by the end of last year．7)We should protect the earth．The earth should be protected．8)You need to paint the wall．The wall needs to be painted．几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday．I was given a gift on my birthday．A gift was given to me on my birthday.2.We often hear him play guitar．He is often heard to play guitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。We should take care of the old people .The old people should be taken care of.主动式表被动义1。动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…1.The books ____ well．A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold2.This kind of cloth ____ easily． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…1.The fish is not fit _to eat_(eat)．2. We find English is hard _to learn_ (learn)．3.The article is difficult__ to understand_ (understand).3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。1.I have a lot of homework ______(do)．2.I’ll give him some books ______ (read)．4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,...)The steel feels cold．5 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,...)The shop opens at 6 am. every day．6. 作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedExercise:1.Newspapers are made __ paper. Paper is made __ wood.A.from/of B. of/from C. of/in D. in/from 2.A lot of new roads ___ built in the west of China.must B. must be C. has D. have 3.This dictionary mustn’t ____ from the library.A.take away B. taken away C. are taken away D. be taken away4.My shoes ____ . I went out for a new pair.A.is worn out B. wore out C. were worn off D. were worn out 5.His car ___ tomorrow.A.will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 6.When your homework ____ , we will go to play football.A.is done B. are done C. had done D. will be done7.He asked me _______.A.what the paper is used B. what the paper was used forC. what was the paper made of D. what’s the paper used as 8.Three fourths of the information on the internet ___ in English.A.am B. is C. are D. be9.English is widely used. Many business letters around the world ___ in it.A.are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing 10.This pair of scissors ___ in China.A.Make B. made C. is made D. are made11.Three quarters of the messages _____ by telegraph.Was sent B. were sent C. Sent D. send12. In the past 10 years, China ____ up many man-made satellites.A.has been sent B. has sent C. was sent D. sent 13.They ___ to help the farmers with the harvest last autumn.asked B. asking C. to ask D. were asked14.We are always kept ____.to smoking B. on smoking C. from smoking D. off smoking 15.Nothing can stop us ___ English.A.learn B. learning C. learned D. learns16.Mary ___ some songs in her room in the morning.A.heard sing B. heard to sing C. was heard sing D. is heard to sing17. Mary ___ an English song in her room last night.A.was heard to sing B. is heard to sing C.was heard singing D. is heard singing 18. The guide said that the dinosaur eggs ____ about 95 million years ago.lay B. were lay C. laid D. were laid19. We found the ground ____ snow.A.cover with B. is covered with C.was covered with D. was covering with 20. The shop assistant showed a hat _____ red silk to us.A.made from B. made of C. was made of D. was made from 21. We can find many pictures ____ by Xu Beihong in the museum.A.drawing B. drawn C. drew D. to draw22.Have these words _____ by us yesterday?been learnt B. learnt C. learned D. were learnt 23. Have you heard of a dinosaur _____ feathers?A.was covered by B. was covered with C. covered with D. covered by24.About 500 cars ___ in the factory next month.A.were produced B. will be produced C. will be made D. have been produced 25.She ______ for 10 years.A.has been marry B. has married C. has been married D. have marry 26.The sentence “Thank you” ___ in our everyday life.A.Often use B. often use C.is often used D. are often used 27.Most business letters are ___ English.A.Wrote by B. writing with C. Written in D. written by28.The box is used __ sitting ___ a chair ___ Mike.A.for,as, by B. by,for,of C. as,for,by D. for,by,as 29.Middle school students ___ not to smoke.A.always tell B. are told always C. tell always D. are always told30.The room had better ____ this afternoon.A.be cleaned B. to be cleaned C. clean D. to clean31. Everyone knows that paper ____ in China.A was made first B. at first was made C. was made at first D. was first made 32. He said that his teeth needed ____.A.to be repaired B. repair C. repaired D. to repair 33.The idea seems good but it needs_____.A.Trying on B. To try at C. To be tried out D. Being tried 34. Tell me what _____ next.A.to be finished B. Be finished C. To finish D. Finish 35. The dirty clothes ___ by his mother now.are washed B. are washing C. were washed D. are being washed36.Tom ! You _____on the phone just now, but you _____in.A.wanted , were B. are wanted , are C. were wanted , weren’t D. called , aren’t 参考答案：1-5 BBDDA 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 BBDCB 16-20 DCDCB 21-25 BACBC 26-30 CCADA 31-36 DACADC
主动语态：
I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。
I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。
I didn't know if he would come. 我不知道他是否会来。
She was sixty-six. In three years，she would be sixty-nine. 她66岁了。三年后，她是69岁。
I didn't know how to do it. What would be their ideas？我不知如何去做，他们会有什么想法呢？
Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained. 上星期天我们本想去游览长城的，但却下雨了。
She told us that she would not go with us，if it rained.她告诉我们，如果下雨的话，她就不和我们一起去了。
He said he would come to see me.他说他要来看我。
He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。
被动语态：
I should be told about the thing.应该有人告诉我这件事。
He said that his homerok would be finished soon.他说他的作业马上就要完成了。
He would be picked up to the airport。他会被接去机场。
He was going to be killed by enemies.他快要被敌人杀了。
I did not say that the equipment would be changed.我并没说过，我们将换掉那台设备。
My supervisor told me that a special tutorial would be given to me a few days ago.几天前，我的导师说他将对我进行个别辅导。
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