为什么有些音标有其所对的字母组合而有些只有发音字母？所谓字母组合以及发音字母到底指的是什么？
单词的拼读70%是有规律可循，比如开音节闭音节以及字母组合发音。30%属于无规律。
发音字母指的是单词中发元音的字母，如：cake中，字母a发/ei/，那我们称a为发音字母。
字母组合指的是单词中发元音的字母组合，如：play中，字母组合ay发/ei/，那我们称ay为字母组合。
如果是为了小孩，这方面总结的比较全面的教材（也较易理解），我个人推荐长沙小新星出版的《小学英语No.1》系列的教材，第一册、第二册。简单易懂。
如果是为了大人，《英语词汇的奥妙》这本书不错，总结的比较全面。当然，也有些生晦，内容也比较多，需要时间好好消化。
字母组合发音的音标是什么？~
6。元g音: 3) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 3) 发音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 4) [] 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 5) [e] 字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 2) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 4) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 5) [a:] 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 2) [] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus 。e mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 1) []字母组合 al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 60) [] 发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 44) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude 76) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 15) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 18) [ai] 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 13) [au] 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 58) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 40) [] 字母组合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 08) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea 34) [] 字母组合ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care 80) [uε] 字母组合our ower hour tour flower shower2011-10-26 15:34:22
英语发音规则
一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
在开音节中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中
[ ]
bag dad hat map black back
e
在开音节中
[i:]
he these me Chinese
在闭音节中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
在开音节中
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中
[i]
fish big drink sit milk swim
o
在开音节中
[Eu]
those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中
[C]
clock not box shop sock
u
在开音节中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中
[Q]
bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
[E]
China another woman breakfast
[i]
orange comrade village cabbage
e
[E]
hundred student open weekend
[i]
chicken pocket begin children
i
[E]/[i]
holiday beautiful family animal
[ai]
exercise satellite
o
[E]
second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu]
also zero photo
u
[E]
autumn diffcult
[ju:]
popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a在[w]音后面
[C]
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[a:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[Eu]
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[Q]
come monkey love mother
四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[a:]
car farm dark sharpener
[C:]
warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音后面
[C:]
forty morning short
[E:]
word worker worse
er ir ur
[E:]
certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
are
[a:E]
care dare hare
ere
[iE]
here mere
ire
[aiE]
fire hire wire
ore
[C:]
more score before
ure
[ju:E]
pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.
例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如:orange very American paragraph
六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ai/ay
[ei]
afraid rain wait day play
air
[aiE]
air hair chair pair repair
al在f m前
[C]
small ball talk wall all
[C:l]
always also salt almost bald
[a:]
half calm
au/aw
[C:]
autumn daughter draw
ea
[i:]
teach easy cheap please
[e]
heavy bread sweater weather
[ei]
break great
ear
[iE]
hear dear near clear year
[εE]
bear pear wear
[E:]
earth learn early
ee
[i:]
jeep week green three
eer
[iE]
pioneer deer beer
ei/ey
[ei]
eight neighbour they
[i:]
either key
eu/ew在
j l r s后
[ju:]
new few newspaper
[u:]
flew brew
ie/ei[s]音之后
[i:]
piece field receive
oa
[Eu]
coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor
[C:]
roar board door floor
oi/oy
[Ci]
noise point boy toilet
oo
[u:]
broom food tooth school
[u]
book look cook foot good
ou/ow
[au]
flower house count down
[Eu]
know row throw though
[Q]
young country enough
[u:]
group you soup
our
[C:]
course your four
[auE]
our hour ours
[C:]
journey
ui
在j l r s后
[ju:i]
fluid suicide tuition
[u:]
juice fruit suit
七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读 音
例 词
ai/ay ei/ey
[i]
Sunday foreign monkey
ow
[Eu]
yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion
[Fn]
impression nation
-sion在元音字母后
[Vn]
vision decision occasion
-tion在s后
[tFE n]
question suggestion
-sten
[sn]
listen
-stle
[sl]
whistle
-sure
[VE]
pleasure measure
-ture
[tFE]
picture culture
八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.
例如:
everyday[ei]
handbag[ ]
blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.
例如:
sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日
break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗柜
九,辅字组的读音
辅字组
读 音
例 词
b
[b]
bike bus bag
[/]
bomb tomb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music
[s]
face decide cinema
ch
[tF]
much chick rich teacher
[k]
school headache chemistry
[F]
machine
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
-dge
[dV]
bridge fridge
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
f
[f]
five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
[^]
bag gardon go
[dV]
orange large German
gh
[f]
cough enough
[/]
light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重读音节中
[^]
guess league dialogue
[^w]
language anguish
h
[h]
hot head house hand
[/]
hour honest
j
[dV]
jeep jar joke join July
k
[k]
kind bike skate make week
kn-
[n]
knife know knock
l
[l]
life milk school tall
m
[m]
monkey come autumn
-mn
[m]
autumn column
n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n]
not shine ten note
[N]
uncle thank hungry
-ng
[N]
morning young wrong
p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen
ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
quality quite
r
[r]
red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前
元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sit sleep desk
[z]
music husband
sc-
[sk]
scarlet
[s]
muscle science
sh
[F]
she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet
[F]
patient nation
tch
[tF]
watch
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[θ]
thin thirty method
[T]
the these with than
[T]
clothe father weather
tr-
[tr]
tree train country truck
v
[v]
very voice love leave
w
[w]
week win wake sweet wait
[/]
answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
what when white why
[h]
who whose whole
x
在重读元音前
[ks]
box text exercise
[gz]
examle exist exact
wr-
[r]
write
y-
[j]
yes yard yellow young
z
[z]
puzzle zero zoo
重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.
开音节 ①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节.例如:name these bike home ex-cuse.
闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.例如:bag egg fish not cup
多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.
例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u- la-tion
词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例如:scien tific im pression nation
为什么有些音标有其所对的字母组合而有些只有发音字母?所谓字母组合...
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