英语的八种时态怎么表示?

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(1)一般现在时的基本用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.

Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.

【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don't want so much.

5) 某些动词如 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start 等,在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。

The train comes at 3 o'clock.

6) 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。

I'll help you as soon as you have problem.

Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.

(2)一般过去时的用法:

表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。

I worked in that factory last year.

【注意】

1) 过去经常反复发生的动作,也可用used to或would加动词原形来表达,例如:

I used to go fishing on Sundays.

2) “used to”也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。例如:

This river used to be clean.

(3)一般将来时的用法

1)表示将来的动作或状态。例如:

I shall attend the meeting tomorrow.

2)表示将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:

He will go to see his mother every Saturdays.

3)表示将来的意愿,决心,许诺, 命令等时常用will,征求对方意见,主语是第一人称时,常用shall。

I will do my best to catch up with them.

Shall I open the door?

4)be + going + 动词不定式。也是一种将来时句型,表示打算,计划,最近

或将来要作的某事。

I am going to Beijing next week.

5)be + 动词不定式。表示有职责,义务,可能,约定,意图等。

There is to be a meeting this afternoon.

We are to meet the guests at the station.

6)be about + 动词不定式,表示马上,很快作某事。

They are about to leave.

(4)现在进行时的用法

1) 现在进行时的用法表示说话者说话时正在发生或者进行的动作, 它注重

现在正在进行的动作,而不管动作从什么时间开始,到什么时间结束。

What are you doing now?

I am looking for my key.

2) 现在进行时表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作(但说话时这个动作不一定在进行)。

The students are preparing for the examination.

3) 某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作,这些动词有 arrive, come, leave, start等。

They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow.

【注意】有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态

①表示状态的动词,尤其是静态动词,如:be, have

②表示认识、知觉和情感的动词,如:know, think, hear, find, see, like, want, wish, prefer等。

(5)现在完成时的用法

1) 现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。

I have bought a ten-speed bicycle.

They have cleaned the classroom.

2) 现在完成时表示动作从过去开始持续到现在,或者还有可能持续下去的动作或状态。 现在完成时常与for 和 since 引导的短语或从句连用。

We have lived here since 1976.

They have waited for more than two hours.

【注意】

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响;一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用。

试比较:

I saw this film yesterday.(强调看的动作发生过了,不涉及现在)

I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)

(6)过去进行时的用法

表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如:

I was watching TV when she came to see me.

【注意】

过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情,但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态,强调动作的连续进行,而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实,例如:

They were building a house last month. (上个月正在建造,建造好与否不知)

They built a new house last month. (上个月建造好了,动作已经完成)

(7)过去完成时的用法

过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态,过去完成时常和 by , before 等词组成的短语和从句连用。

We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year.

When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes.

(8)过去将来时的用法

过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在地状态,过去将来时较多地被运用在宾语从句中。例如:

They were going to have a meeting.

I told him that I would see him off at the station.

?不明白 你什么意思

求英语八种时态及其用法。谢谢!~

一)动词的时态
时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式.英语动词有16种时态,但是常见的只有九种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时,过去将来时,现在完成进行时。常用的时态只有八种。
1.一般现在时的用法
1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作;表示现在的状态、特征和真理.句中常用 often,usually,every day等时间状语。例如:
He goes to school every day.(经常性动作)
He is very happy.(现在的状态)
The earth moves around the sun.(真理)
2)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来.例如:
If you come this afternoon,we' ll have a meeting.
When I graduate,I’ll go to the countryside.
3)有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作,(句中都带有时间状语)但限于少数动词如 begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等.例如:
The meeting begins at seven.
The train starts at nine in the morning.
4)表示状态和感觉的动词,如 be,like,hate,think,remember,find,sound等常用一般现在时.例如:
I like English very much.
The story sounds very interesting.
5)书报的标题,小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时.
2.一般过去时的用法
l)表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作.
He saw Mr Wang yesterday.
He worked in a factory in 1986
2)表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用“used to”和“would +动词原形”。例如:
I used to smoke.
During the vacation I would swim in the sea.
注意;used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。另外?“to be used to +名词(动句词)“表示”习惯于……。例如
I am used to the climate here.
He is used to swimming in winter.
3.一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“ will或 shall十动词原形”外,还有以下几种形式.
l)“ to be going to十动词原形”,表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事.例如:
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2) go,come,start,move,sail,leave等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作.例如:
I’m leaving for Beijing.
3)“be to十动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见.例如:
Are we to go on with this work?
The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
4)“ be about to十动词原形”表示即将发生的动作。例如:
We are about to leave.
5)某些词,如 come,go,leave,arrive,start等的一般现在时和现在进行时也可表示将来.
The meeting starts at five o’clock.
He is leaving tomorrow.
4.现在进行时的用法
1)现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作,由“ to be十现在分词”构成,另外“系动词十介词或副词”也表示进行时的意义.例如:
What are you doing?
The bridge is under construction.
2)表示感觉,愿望和状态的某些动词如 have,be,hear,see,like等词一般不用进行时.
5.过去进行时的用法
l)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作,由“ was(were)十现在分词”构成.例如:
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.
6.现在完成时的用法
现在完成时由“ have十过去分词”构成.其使用有两种情况:
1)现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响.句中没有具体时间状语.例如
He has gone to Fuzhou. (说话人认为他不在该地)
He has been to Fuzhou.(说话人认为他在该地)
2)现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去.常用for和 since表示一段时间的状语或 so far,now,today, this week( month,year)等表示包括现在时问在内的状语。例如:
He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985.
Now I have finished the work.
注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如 come,go,die,marry,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的词连用.
3)现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中、表示将来某时完成的动作.例如:
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning,we’ll go to the park.
7.过去完成时的用法
l)过去完成时由“ had十过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态.句中常用 by,before,until,when等词引导的时间状语.例如:
By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.
2)过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。例如:
Before he slept,he had worked for 12 hours.
8.过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态.过去将来时由“ should或 would十动词原形”构成。第一人称用 should,其他人称用 would.例如:
They were sure that they would succeed.
9.现在完成进行时的用法
现在完成进行时由“ have(has)十 been十现在分词”构成,表示现在以前一直在进行的动作。有些词,如 work,study、live,teach等用现在完成进行时与用现在完成时意思差不多.例如:
I have worked here for three years.
I have been working here for three years.
但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思.例如:
I have written a letter(已写完)
I have been writing a letter.(还在写)
注意:表示短暂动作的动词,如 finish,marry,get up,come,go等不能用这种时态

进行时:
过去进行时:I was doing my homework yesterday afternoon.
现在进行时:I am doing my homewok now.
将来进行时:I will be doing my homework tomorrow afternoon.
完成时:
过去完成时:I had done my homework before yesterday aftern...
(1)一般现在时 I get up at six o’clock every morning. He doesn’t speak Russian. They are very busy. The moon moves round the earth. When you see him, tell him to come to my place. I’ll go to see you tonight if I’m free.
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4^S8JK O (3)一般将来时 1. shall (will)+动词原形 I shall (will) go to your school tomorrow afternoon. She will be here tomorrow. 2. be going to+动词原形 I’m going to help him.
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a(4)现在进行时 We’re reading the text now. They’re waiting for a bus.
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/6eF@\ +(6)过去进行时 We were having a meeting this time yesterday. The teacher was talking to some parents when I saw her.
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e(7)过去完成时We had learned four English songs by the end of last year. The film had already begun when I got to the cinema. She said that she had not heard from him since he left Beijing.
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 %Y0HKthT(8)过去将来时 He said he would go to the cinema that evening. Betty said she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.
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p%€~p (1)一般现在时的被动语态 English is taught in that school.
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5IK*WXzX(2)一般过去时的被动语态 The song was written by that worker.
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(3)一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态 She must be sent to hospital at once.
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; WAjDvUS(1)作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
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E6€doJ6#(2)作宾语 They began to read.
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c7oxtU(3)作宾语补足语 Jim asked me to help him with his lessons. We often heard her sing.
nhqum8~[!(NqgJE&(4)作定语 I have an important meeting to attend.
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)zW)xTT(5)作状语 She went to see her grandma yesterday.
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6ei}F^V(6)用在how, when, where, what, which等之后 I don’t know how to use a computer. Do you know when to start? He didn’t know what to do next.

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