请大家帮我人工翻译几段话到中文,谢谢,高分采纳。

作者&投稿:计弘 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
It is mandatory to employ the principle of conservatism when it comes to the assessment of projected inflowsand outflows: Use the longest historical statistics for production cycles and
inventory turnovers. Discount future revenues. Anticipate higher prices for purchases and increases in services’ rates. Always add extra time for collections
它是强制性的使用保守主义的原则时,预计的流入和流出的评价:使用时间最长的历史统计数据的生产周期和存货周转率。折现未来收入。预期的购买和服务率增加更高的价格,总是会添加额外的收藏时间。

Expect to make payments earlier. Builda cushion for extraordinary events and unexpected disbursements. Adhering to these rules will result in the creation of a cash flow safety net, preventing the possibility of being strapped for funds, cash forecasts generated by accounting
systems. The task of forecasting is only partially an exact science.
预计将会提前付款。建立一个特殊事件和意外支出的垫。遵循这些规则将导致流动现金安全网络的生成,防止资金短缺的可能性,现金预测所产生的会计系统。预测的任务只有一部分是一门精确的科学。

Even the most advanced,custom-made program that studies the data and makes predictions based on past patterns cannot accommodate extraordinary events and momentary changes. There
is some element of an intuitive art to this process, and that is why it is
difficult to automate—it requires a hands-on touch, especially if you deal with
a dynamic entity in a volatile market.
即使是最先进的,定制的程序,研究的数据进行了基于过去的预测模式不能适应特殊事件和瞬时变化。在这一过程中会有一个直观艺术的一些因素,那就是为什么它是难以实现自动化的原因,它需要一个亲手触摸,特别是如果你处理一个动荡市场的动态实体时。

The majority of popularsmall business accounting systems (QuickBooks and such) do not produce reports like that at all—you, your treasury group, or your financial analyst will have
to design one, most likely in Excel, and then update it based on the data in
the system, which can be exported and then manipulated. Writing macros may
facilitate this task. If there is a lack of time and/or skills, you should
outsource the development, but don’t get sucked into buying an expensive
report-writer just because you need this and few other reports.
流行的小企业的会计核算系统多数(QuickBooks等)不会产生这样的报道 — 你和你的财政小组,或你的财务分析师必须设计一个,那最有可能多数是使用Excel,然后更新基于系统中的数据,它可以被导出然之后被操纵。编写宏可能推动这项任务。若果缺乏时间和/或技能的话,你应该作外包发展,但不要只是因为你需要这个和其他一些报告而卷入买昂贵的”报告作者”。

Instead, find people who providesolution-by solution services. I can always suggest someone suitable to your needs through my blog, The Frustrated CFO. If you have an expensive high-end
program integrated with a sophisticated report developer, such as IBM Cognos,
you may be able to create a cash forecast that will be updated automatically
every time you run the report.
而是要找那些提供续个方案解决服务的人。通过我的博客,我一定可以建议一个适合您需要的人,沮丧的首席财务官。若果你有一个如IBM Cognos的昂贵高端项目的一个复杂报表开发集成,你可以创建一个现金预测,每次运行报告时,会自动更新。

Without a doubt, these are themost time- and effort efficient solutions. Nevertheless, a certain level of flexibility is lost there, due to the standardization of reporting features. Midmarket
programs, such as various packages within Microsoft Dynamics business
solutions, all have prebuilt cash requirements queries. However, you must keep
in mind that these reports do not actually have forecasting capabilities—they
draw the projections based on the data already in the system.
毫无疑问地,这些都是最高效的时间和精力的解决方案。然而,一定程度上会出现灵活性的丢失,由于报告功能标准化。中型项目,如在微软动态业务解决方案的各种包,都有预存现金要求的查询。但是,你必须记住,这些报告没有真正的预测能力,它们得出的预测乃基于系统中已存在的数据。

Therefore,unless you have all your anticipated outflows entered into the AP module, you
will not be able to generate a six-month forward report. My experience shows
that even treasurers with complicated and powerful IT products at their
disposal end up with a set of interconnected Excel spread sheets that allow
them to play with the data predicting cash flows.
因此,我的经验显示,即使财务员拥有复杂和强大的 IT产品可供他们使用,除非你有所有你的预期的流出输入了AP模块,不然的话,你就不能迼出一个六个月报告,得出一份相互关联的EXCEL电子表格,允许他们对数据预测现金流量的操作。

希望会对你有帮助。

在对现金流入和流出预测进行评估时,需要强制使用保守原则:用史上最长的统计数据对生产周期和存货周转率进行统计。不考虑未来收入。预期的采购价格更高且服务费率增加。给资金回收留出更长的时间。预期提前付款。为非常事件和计划外开支设立备用金。遵循这些原则可建立现金流安全网,以免陷入会计制度产生的资金、现金短缺的窘境。预测的任务只有一部分是一门精确的科学。即便是基于过去的预测模式进行数据研究和进行预测的最先进的定制程序,也难以适应非常事件与变化。由于这一过程中会有一些直观因素,所以难以自动生成,因此需要亲力亲为,尤其是应对一个市场不稳定的环境下的动态企业实体。大部分小企业的会计系统软件(如QuickBooks账务速成等)根本无法生成此类财务报表--你或你的财政小组或你的财务分析师必须设计一份财务报表,最有可能使用Excel,然后根据系统中的数据进行更新,这便于导出并进行其它操作。编写宏可能有助于这项任务。若果自己没有时间和/或技能,你应外包开发,但不要因为你仅仅需要这个和其它很少的财务报表而购买昂贵的”财务报表编写软件”。而是要找那些提供逐项解决方案服务的人。我可以通过博客推荐适合您需求的人,沮丧的首席财务官。若果你有一个昂贵的带有复杂财务报表开发的高端程序,如IBM Cognos的,你就可以创建一个现金流预测,它会在你每次打开该报表时进行自动更新。毫无疑问,这些是最省时省力的高效解决方案。但由于标准化的报表特性,其灵活性会有一定程度的丢失。中端市场程序,如在微软动态业务解决方案的各种软件包,都有预先植入的现金要求查询功能。然而你要记住,这些报表其实没有预测能力,它只是基于系统中已存在的数据给出预测。因此,除非你将所有的现金流出预期输入AP模块,否则你就无法生成一个六个月以后的报表。我的经验显示,即便财务人员有复杂和强大的IT产品供其使用,最后得出的也会是一套相互关联的Excel表格,让他们可以把玩这些预测现金流的数据。

它是强制性的使用保守主义的原则时,预计的流入和流出的评价:使用时间最长的历史统计数据的生产周期和存货周转率。折现未来收入。预期的购买和服务率的增加,更高的价格。一直在收集额外的时间。希望能早些时候建立支付。非凡的事件和unexpecteddisbursements垫。遵循这些规则将导致现金流安全网络的生成,防止缺乏资金的可能性。现金预测预测会计系统产生的任务只有部分是一门精确的科学。即使是最先进的,定制的程序,研究的数据进行了基于过去的预测模式不能适应特殊事件和瞬时变化。有一些元素的一个直观的艺术在这一过程中,那就是为什么它是难以实现自动化,它需要一个亲手触摸,特别是如果你应对市场波动的动态实体。流行的小企业的会计核算系统多数(QuickBooks等)不在你产生这样的报道,你财政部组,或你的财务分析师必须设计一个Excel中,最有可能的,然后更新基于系统中的数据,它可以导出然后操纵。编写宏可能推动这项任务。如果有一个缺乏时间和/或技能,你应该外包的发展,但不要让suckedinto购买昂贵的报告作者只是因为你需要和其他一些报告。相反,找到的人提供的解决方案服务解决方案。我可以建议一个人适合您的需要,通过我的博客,沮丧的CFO。如果你有一个昂贵的高端项目的一个复杂的报表开发的集成,如IBM Cognos,你可以创建一个现金预测,会自动更新,每次运行报表。毫无疑问,这些都是大多数时间和精力有效的解决方案。然而,一定程度的灵活性,出现丢失,由于报告功能标准化。市场计划,比如在微软动态业务解决方案的各种包,都有预存现金要求的查询。但是,你必须记住,这些报告没有预测能力他们得出基于数据已经在系统中的预测。因此,除非你有你所有的预期的流出进入AP模块,你就不能产生一个六个月的报告。我的经验表明,即使是一些复杂的强大的产品在他们的处置结束与一组相互关联的Excel电子表格,允许他们玩的数据预测现金流量。

好长。用 google translate 比较快 -_-

它是强制使用稳健原则当谈到评估预计流入与流出:使用最长的历史统计数据生产周期和库存的失误。贴现未来收入。预期更高的价格购买和增加服务的利率。总是添加额外的时间集合。希望早些时候支付。建立一个特殊事件和unexpecteddisbursements缓冲。 遵守这些规则将会创建一个现金流的安全网,防止被绑的可能性为基金。现金预测所产生的会计SystemsThe预测的任务只是部分一门精确的科学。即使是最先进的,定制的程序,研究了数据并使预测基于过去的模式不能适应非凡的事件和瞬时变化。有一些元素的一个直观的艺术这一过程,这就是为什么很难自动化它需要动手触摸,尤其是如果你处理一个动态的实体在一个波动的市场中。大部分受欢迎的小型企业会计系统(QuickBooks等)不产生报告像你,你的财政组或你的金融分析师将不得不设计一个,最有可能在Excel中,然后更新它基于数据的系统,它可以被导出,然后操纵。编写宏可能会促进这个任务。如果有一个缺乏时间和/或技能,你应该外包开发,不过不要让她的suckedinto购买一个昂贵的报告作家只是因为你需要这个和其他一些报告。相反,寻找那些提供解决方案,解决方案服务。我总是可以建议有人适合你的需要通过我的博客,沮丧的首席财务官。如果你有一个昂贵的高端项目集成了一个复杂的报告开发人员,如IBM Cognos,你可以创建一个现金预测,将会自动更新你每次运行报告。毫无疑问,这些都是th

它是强制使用稳健原则当谈到评估预计流入与流出:使用最长的历史统计数据生产周期和库存的失误。贴现未来收入。预期更高的价格购买和增加服务的利率。总是添加额外的时间集合。希望早些时候支付。建立一个特殊事件和unexpecteddisbursements缓冲。 遵守这些规则将会创建一个现金流的安全网,防止被绑的可能性为基金。现金预测所产生的会计SystemsThe预测的任务只是部分一门精确的科学。即使是最先进的,定制的程序,研究了数据并使预测基于过去的模式不能适应非凡的事件和瞬时变化。有一些元素的一个直观的艺术这一过程,这就是为什么很难自动化它需要动手触摸,尤其是如果你处理一个动态的实体在一个波动的市场中。大部分受欢迎的小型企业会计系统(QuickBooks等)不产生报告像你,你的财政组或你的金融分析师将不得不设计一个,最有可能在Excel中,然后更新它基于数据的系统,它可以被导出,然后操纵。编写宏可能会促进这个任务。如果有一个缺乏时间和/或技能,你应该外包开发,不过不要让她的suckedinto购买一个昂贵的报告作家只是因为你需要这个和其他一些报告。相反,寻找那些提供解决方案,解决方案服务。我总是可以建议有人适合你的需要通过我的博客,沮丧的首席财务官。如果你有一个昂贵的高端项目集成了一个复杂的报告开发人员,如IBM Cognos,你可以创建一个现金预测,将会自动更新你每次运行报告。毫无疑问,这些都是大部分时间和精力高效的解决方案。然而,一定程度的灵活性是迷失在那里,由于标准化的报表功能。中级市场项目,如各种包在微软内部动态的业务解决方案,都有预先构建的现金需求的查询。但是,你必须记住这些报告没有预测能力他们绘制预测基于数据已经在系统。因此,除非你有你所有的预期流出进入美联社模块,你将无法生成一个六个月的前锋报告。我的经验表明,即使财务人员与复杂和强大的IT产品在他们的处置最后一组相互关联的Excel电子表格,可以让他们玩数据预测的现金流。 ---------来自有道词典

请大家帮我人工翻译几段话到中文,谢谢,高分采纳。~

As different as these two illustrations are, their formats are dictated by certain fundamental principles—the common basic elements of a cash flow projection structure:
这两张插图的不同之处是, 它们的形式受控於一些基本的原则——是那普通流动现金预测结构的基本因素:

1. The predictability of inflows and outflows determines the extent of the forecast. Companies with stable and repetitive patterns of collections and disbursements can go several months forward. However, if the nature of the business makes predictions far in advance nonsensical, you should stick to a more feasible time span.
那预测的程度取决於流入和流出的可预测性。公司可以把稳定的和重复的集合和支出模式推前几个月。然而,若果因公司的业务性质而使提前的预测不合逻辑的话,你应该坚持一个比较更加可行的时间跨度。

2. The operational cycle is the foundation of revenue generation. With a single exception of prepaid products and services, revenue recognition serves as the initial point in assessment of value and timing of cash inflows.
那运行周期是创造收入的基础,有一个预付产品和服务的单一例外,以收入的确认作为现金流入值和时间选择的评估初始点。

3. Sales credit terms, payment forms, and collection patterns drive the inflows forecasts. If you universally extend, let’s say, 30 days of credit to your customers who generally pay with a 30-day delay, you can predict your March inflows based on January invoicing. This data also has a reciprocal value of letting you know where the efforts to improve receivables need to be concentrated.
流入预测为销售条款的信用证,支付形式和收集模式所驱动。若果你普遍地 延长,让我们说,30天的信贷客户通常会延迟30天付款,你可以用一月的发票预测你的3月流入。这个数据亦可让你用倒数值得知应从何处需要努力以提高应收账款。

4. If it is important to track inflows from different sources of revenue,they should be separated. One example would be inflows generated from sales of different product lines. The same goes for the types of receivables (credit cards vs. cash sales, foreign receivables vs. domestic,etc.).
若果从不同的收入来源流入的追踪是重要的话,那它们便应该被分开。一个例子是从不同产品线的销售产生的流入。各类型的应收账款也是一样(信用卡对现金销售收款,国外对国内,等。)


5. Credit relationships with your vendors and suppliers, as well as forms of payments you use, particularly in trading transactions, dictate the arrangements of outflows.
你与销售商和供应商间的信用关系,以及你付款使用的形式,特别是在交易上,会控制流出的安排。

6. The key outflows must be separated from other disbursements because they require special attention. For example, labor-intensive companies should be particularly concerned with meeting funding requirements for operational payroll; on the other hand, material purchases must be set apart for manufacturing and trading companies.You may also consider distinguishing between overhead and operational payables, as well as financing transactions, such as loan repayments.
关键流出与其他支出必须分开,因为他们需要特别注意。例如,劳动密集型企业应特别关注会议资助操作工资的要求;另外一方面,制造和贸易公司等必须将材料的采购分离。你也可以考虑开销和操作应付之间的区分,以及如贷款和还款等的融资交易。

7. Growing companies acquiring fixed assets and/or making capital investments should definitely designate a separate line or column for those activities for the sake of visual clarity.
为了视觉清晰度起见,成长中的公司在购入固定资产和/或作资本投资时,应该一定要指把这些活动以一个单独的行或列作标记。


Inflows and Outflows: Principle of Conservatism
流入和流出:稳健性的原则

The basic accounting principle of conservatism is just a more palatable way of saying “expect the worst”: probable losses must be recognized, but gains must not; the assets are stated at their lowest values; contingencies with possible payouts must be disclosed, but not those with a chance of awards; and so on. There is a reason why accountants are always depicted in cartoons with long faces and mournful eyes—it is an accurate visual representation of the pessimistic realism we are implored to utilize as a proper evaluation technique in all cases. And thank you, our accounting forefathers, for that!
稳健性的基本会计原则只不过是一个更好的方式说 “对最糟糕的情况有准备”:对可能造成的损失必须要有认知,但收益则不能;资产按最低值阐明;可能支出的突发事件必须公开,而不是那些有机会回报。这是为什么会计被卡通一直描绘为是长脸及悲哀的眼睛——那是我们在所有情况下,对适当的评价技术要求的一个视觉上准确的现实主义之表现。为此,我们会计的先人,谢谢你们!

已替你翻译好了,希望会令你满意。

A company in the example illustrated by Figure 17-1 is a mature service company with Internet-driven revenue that generates virtually immediate cash through online credit card payments and service-fee income derived from the long-established customer base. The conventional customers either have fixed-price contracts or are billed on an hourly basis. There have not been any changes in the business operations for some time, and it allows the company to determine the exact pattern of their collections from all three types of revenues.
图17-1列举的公司是一家成熟的靠网络驱动效益的服务型企业, 它靠网上信用卡支付获得虚拟的直接现金,以及从长期建立的客户基础中获取服务费。一般的客户要么接受定价合同,要么按小时单位付费。有时这些商业操作不会有任何变化,从而使得公司可以从所有三种收入中选择具体的收款方式。
The AP disbursements are identical from one month to another, and the most significant (and slightly variable) category of operational outflows is the cost of labor. The company has an unrestricted $500,000 revolving credit line, which it uses when there is a temporary deficit, and pays it down whenever there is a sufficient surplus.
每个月的杂项支出都相同,最明显(稍有变动)的营业性支出类型是人工成本。公司有一个不受限的用于弥补暂时逆差的$500,000循环信贷,一旦有了足够的盈余,就立即付清。
If, at any given point, the collections fall short of the expectations, it would be treated as a signal to initiate one or another measure of accounts-receivable management. All in all this is a very straightforward cash flow projection with a high level of predictability that allows for a long-term (in this case, six month) forward outlook.
如果在某个时候,收款低于预期,将被视作要执行某种应收账款管理措施的信号。 总的来说,这是一种简单的高可预测性的现金流动预测,可用于进行长期展望。
It can be extended at the end of each month. The example in Figure
17-2 is an altogether different animal. This is an international import/export company on a growth path, adding 40% to its volume annually for the past five years in a row.
在月末时可对预测进行延展。图17-2中的是完全不同的例子。这是一家在过去五年中年增长率达到40%的国际进出口公司。
Moreover, it trades listed commodities and depends on daily market
changes. From time to time, it participates in “announced at random” open multi-million-dollar bids and holds long positions of inventories to be sold later for higher profits. The entity has an unrestricted credit line that can be used to cover any cash deficits and several trade finance facilities utilized for material purchases only via LCs and BAs.
另外,它还经营相关产品的贸易,其业绩取决于日常市场变化。有时它参加随机宣布的百万美元公开招标项目,长期享有可延后销售的存货来获取更高的利润的权利。这家公司还有不受限的用于弥补现金亏空信贷额度,以及几家仅通过LCc和BAs进行材料采购的贸易融资实体。
The inventory acquisitions, together with financing transactions, constitute the largest portion of the company’s disbursements. On the receivables side, the variety of terms is offered to customers, ranging from prepayments to open credit and everything in between.
收购库存以及融资交易占据了这家公司资金支出的最大比例,在应收账款方面,给了客户多样的条款选择,从预付到开立信用证及介于两者之间。
Even though the company enjoys sufficient liquidity, which allows it to bunch all accounts payable and payroll disbursements into orderly biweekly arrangements, the constant hunt for more business makes treasury activities somewhat hectic. This exciting, high-blood-pressure set of circumstances
permits no more than six weeks of reliable projections of cash flow
combined with credit utilization. And it is apparent that starting with the fourth week, changes must be expected.
即便时该公司拥有充足的资金流动性,允许它集中所有的应付账款及工资支付进行有序的隔周安排。持续地追求更多的生意使得资金活动比较频繁。已有的一系列资金情况可允许进行六个月内可靠的现金流动和信贷利用预测。很明显从第四周开始,必须预测进一步的变化。
In fact, even though it appears that this report can be updated once a week, the business seems to be so active that I personally would attend to this forecast daily.
事实上,即使这份报告看上去每周更新一次,但是商业活动如此活跃,我个人更倾向于进行每日预测。
【英语牛人团】倾情奉献,完全脑力结晶、手工制作!质量可靠是我们永恒的信念!您的满意是我们最终的追求!请及时采纳,谢谢!
【同为答题者,抄袭可耻!】

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