英语作文介绍故宫 帮我写一篇关于介绍故宫的英语作文（带翻译）简单点的 初二水平...
Constructed in the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), during the succeeding reign of feudal emperors; it was extended continuously. By the time of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), it had become a luxurious royal garden providing royal families with rest and entertainment. Originally called 'Qingyi Garden' (Garden of Clear Ripples), it was know as one of the famous 'three hills and five gardens' (Longevity Hill, Jade Spring Mountain, and Fragrant Hill; Garden of Clear Ripples, Garden of Everlasting Spring, Garden of Perfection and Brightness, Garden of Tranquility and Brightness, and Garden of Tranquility and Pleasure). Like most of the gardens of Beijing, it could not elude the rampages of the Anglo-French allied force and was destroyed by fire. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi embezzled navy funds to reconstruct it for her own benefit, changing its name to Summer Palace (Yiheyuan). She spent most of her later years there, dealing with state affairs and entertaining. In 1900, it suffered again, being ransacked by the Eight-Power Allied Force. After the success of the 1911 Revolution, it was opened to the public.
Composed mainly of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake, The Summer Palace occupies an area of 294 hectares (726.5 acres), three quarters of which is water. Guided by nature, artists designed the gardens exquisitely so that visitors would see marvelous views and be amazed by perfect examples of refined craftwork using the finest materials.
Centered on the Tower of Buddhist Incense (Foxiangge) the Summer Palace consists of over 3,000 structures including pavilions, towers, bridges, and corridors. The Summer Palace can be divided into four parts: the court area, front-hill area, front-lake area, and rear-hill and back-lake area.
Front-Hill Area: this area is the most magnificent area in the Summer Palace with the most constructions. Its layout is quite distinctive because of the central axis from the yard of Kunming Lake to the hilltop, on which important buildings are positioned including Gate of Dispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling Clouds, Hall of Moral Glory, Tower of Buddhist Incense, the Hall of the Sea of Wisdom, etc.
Rear-Hill and Back-Lake Area: although the constructions are fewer here, it has a unique landscape, with dense green trees, and winding paths. Visitors can feel a rare tranquility, and elegance. This area includes scenic spots such as Kunming Lake and Back Lake , which presents a tranquil beauty, Garden of Harmonious Interest , built by imitating the layout of Southern China’s classical gardens, and Suzhou Market Street, endowed with a strong flavor of the water town Suzhou.
Court Area: this is where Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu met officials, conducted state affairs and rested. Entering the East Palace Gate, visitors may see the main palace buildings: the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity served as the office of the Emperor, the Hall of Jade Ripples where Guangxu lived, the Hall of Joyful Longevity, Cixi's residence, the Garden of Virtue and Harmony where Cixi was entertained, Yiyun House , where once lived the Empress Longyu, and Long Gallery, which measures the longest in Chinese gardens.
Front Lake Area: covering a larger part of the Summer Palace, opens up the vista of the lake. A breeze fluttering, waves gleam and willows kiss the ripples of the vast water. In this comfortable area there are the Eastern Bank and Western Bank, Seventeen-Arch Bridge, Nanhu Island, the largest island in Summer Palace, Bronze Ox, an imposing statue beside the lake, and Marble Boat, built in western style with elaborate decorations . On the western bank float six distinct bridges amongst which the Jade-Belt Bridge is the pretty!
北京故宫英文介绍~
北京故宫是中国明清两代的皇家宫殿，旧称紫禁城，位于北京中轴线的中心，是中国古代宫廷建筑之精华。
The the Imperial Palace of Beijing is the imperial palace of the two dynasties in Ming and Qing Dynasties, formerly known as the Forbidden City, located in the center of Beijing's central axis. It is the cream of ancient Chinese palace architecture.
北京故宫以三大殿为中心，占地面积72万平方米，建筑面积约15万平方米，有大小宫殿七十多座，房屋九千余间。是世界上现存规模最大、保存最为完整的木质结构古建筑之一。
Beijing Palace Museum is centered on three main halls, covering an area of 720,000 square meters, with a construction area of about 150,000 square meters. It has more than 70 palaces and more than 9,000 houses. It is one of the largest and most complete ancient wooden structures in the world.
北京故宫于明成祖永乐四年（1406年）开始建设，以南京故宫为蓝本营建，到永乐十八年（1420年）建成。
The Beijing Palace Museum was built in 1406 in Yongle, Chengzu, Ming Dynasty. It was built on the basis of the Nanjing Palace Museum and completed in 1420 in Yongle, Ming Dynasty.
它是一座长方形城池，南北长961米，东西宽753米，四面围有高10米的城墙，城外有宽52米的护城河。紫禁城内的建筑分为外朝和内廷两部分。
It is a rectangular city pool, 961 meters long north and south, 753 meters wide East and west, surrounded by a wall 10 meters high, and 52 meters wide moat outside. The buildings in the Forbidden City are divided into two parts: the Outer Dynasty and the Inner Court.
外朝的中心为太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，统称三大殿，是国家举行大典礼的地方。
The center of the foreign Dynasty is the Hall of Taihe, the Hall of Zhonghe and the Hall of Baohe, which are collectively called the three halls.
内廷的中心是乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫，统称后三宫，是皇帝和皇后居住的正宫。
They are the places where the national ceremonies are held. The center of the Inner Court is the Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace, which are collectively called the Hou Three Palaces and are the main palace where emperors and queens live.
扩展资料：
一、名称考义
故宫又称紫禁城。中国古代讲究“天人合一”的规划理念，用天上的星辰与都城规划相对应，以突出政权的合法性和皇权的至高性。
天帝居住在紫微宫，而人间皇帝自诩为受命于天的“天子”，其居所应象征紫微宫以与天帝对应，《后汉书》载“天有紫微宫，是上帝之所居也。王者立宫，象而为之”。
紫微、紫垣、紫宫等便成了帝王宫殿的代称。由于封建皇宫在古代属于禁地，常人不能进入，故称为“紫禁”。但明朝初期称为“皇城”，直接称呼为“紫禁城”则大约始于明朝中晚期。
二、建筑规模
北京故宫由明朝皇帝朱棣始建，设计者为蒯祥（1397—1481年，字廷瑞，苏州人）。占地72万平方米（长961米，宽753米），建筑面积约15万平方米，占地面积72万平方米，用100万民工。
共建了14年，有房屋9999间半，实际据1973年专家现场测量故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8707间（而此“间”并非现今房间之概念，此处“间”指四根房柱所形成的空间）。
参考资料来源：百度百科－北京故宫
The Palace Museum is also called the Forbidden City, which started to be built in 1407. It took 200,000 people fourteen years to build it. It was finished in 1420. There are 9,999 rooms in all the palaces. In China, nine is regarded as a lucky number traditionally. At present, it is free for Chinese students to visit every Tuesday.The Palace Museum has treasures of over 5,000 years' history.
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