英语到底有几个时态啊?说明一下。 英语到底有几个时态啊?????

作者&投稿:充忠 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
共16种,分别是:
1.现在式:
一般时(例:he works hard表示他工作努力)
进行时(例:he is reading表示他正在阅读)
完成时(例:he have finished it表示他已完成了)
完成进行时(例:he have been writting it for two hours表示他已经写了两个小时了)
2.过去式:
一般时(例:he worked hard表示他过去工作很努力)
进行时(例:he was reading last night表示他昨晚在阅读)
完成时(例:he had finished it since you arrived.表示在你到达之前他已完成)
完成进行时(例:he had been writting it表示他过去就已经在写了)

3.将来式:
一般时(例:he will work hard表示他将努力工作)
进行时(例:he will be reading表示他将会阅读的)
完成时(例:he will have finished it by the time of tomorrow表示明天之前他将完成)
完成进行时(例:he will have been staying there for ten years by the time of next month表示到下个月,他将呆在那儿十年了)

4.过去将来式
一般时(例:he would work hard表示他过去工作努力)
进行时(例:he would be working hard表示他过去一段时间在努力工作着)
完成时(例:he would have finished it by the last month表示他到上个月为止就将完成任务)
完成进行时(例:he would have been staying there for ten years by the time of last month表示到上个月为止,他在那里差不多呆了十年之久)

区别与联系:

现在一般时与现在完成时
1.I come from Shanghai(上海人)
I have come from Shanghai(从上海来)
2.You read very well. (强调能力)
You've read very well. (强调一次刚完成的动作)
3.I forget.(一时想不起来了)
I have forgotten.(仍没想起来,可能已回忆起来了

现在一般时与现在进行时
1.He works hard.(强调始终如一)He is working hard.(强调现在)
2.What do you do? (干什么工作的)What are you doing?(在干什么)
3.Here comes the bus! (表高兴和欣慰) The bus is coming.(汽车到来的情景)

现在完成时与过去一般时
1.I've seen him this morning.(还在上午的时间里)
I saw him this morning.(时间已不在上午了)
2.Who's opened the window? (窗户还在开着)
Who opened the window? (与现在无关,窗户可能已关上)
3.Have you ever heard him sing? (他可能不是爱唱歌)
Did you ever hear him sing?(你曾听过他唱歌吗,他可能是歌唱家)

过去完成时与过去一般时
1.I came here after I finished middle school.(两个动作每间隔)
I came here after I had finished middle school.(两个动作有间隔,强调先后概念)
2.I waited till I saw him.
I waited till I had seen him. (这两个句子差不多,过去完成时更普遍)
3.We hoped he would come.(我们希望他来)
We had hoped he would come.(我们本希望他来的)

过去进行时与过去一般时
1.I read a book yesterday. (书已看完)
I was reading a book yesterday.(书尚未看完)
2.The guests arrived.(客人已到)
The guests were arriving.(客人陆续到达)
3.He woke from a dream. (表示全醒)
He was waking from a dream.(表示初醒)

将来一般时与现在进行时
1.Will he come? Is he coming?(时间发生的比较近)
2.She'll have a baby. (表示肯定)
She's going to have a baby.(表示推测,计划)
3.I'll see him this evening.(表示意愿)
I'm seeing him this evening.(表示打算,已有安排)

现在一般时与过去一般式
1.Do you wish to see me?
Did you wish to see me?(表示婉转客气)
2.That's all I have to say.(我的话就这些)
That's all I had to say.(我要说的就这些)
3. How do you like the film? (看电影过程中)
How did you like the film?(看完电影后)

现在完成时与现在完成进行时
1.Someone has phoned you.(打了电话)
Someone has been phoning you.(一直在打电话)
2.I've read the novel.(已读完)
I've been reading the novel.(还没读完)
3.He has lived here for six weeks.
He has been living here for six weeks. (区别不大,后者更口语化)

现在一般时与过去完成时
1.I hope that he'll come.
I had hoped he would come.(与事实相反)
(经常这样用的词有:expect, think, intend, mean, suppose)

英语一共有多少种时态啊?~

英语一共有多少种时态?

答;英语共16种时态.

http://www.cnitedu.com/wxf/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=39&BigClassName=%D1%A7%CF%B0%D4%B0%B5%D8&SmallClassName=%D3%A2%D3%EF&SpecialID=0

http://lunwen.zhupao.com/Article/2005-10-25/20070.shtml

English Grammar:动词的时态
英语共有16种时态,根据近几年曝光的四、六级考卷分析, 时态测试重点主要有:完成时态——现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时;进行时态——现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、完成进行时;一般时态。

一、一般时态

1、一般现在时

(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态,常和副词 usually,often,always sometimes, regularly,near,occasionally,every year, every week 等连用。例如:

1)The moon moves round the earth..

2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.

(2)在由after,until,before,once,when,even if,in case,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及 if,unless 等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:

1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.

2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.

(3)某些表示起始的动词,可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这类动词有:be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave 等。例如:

1)The plane leaves at three sharp.

2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.

(4)在由why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中,也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:

1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.

2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.

2.一般过去时

(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如:

We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.

(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例如:

1)He always went to class last.

2)I used to do my homework in the library.

(注意与be used to doing短语的区别)

3.一般将来时

1)表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如:

I shall graduate next year.

2)几种替代形式:

1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用,表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如:

I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.

2)be to +v表示计划安排要做的事,具有“必要”的强制性意义。例如:

I am to play tennis this afternoon.

3)be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如:

He was about to start.

4)be due to +v表示预先确定了的事, 必定发生的事。例如:

The train is due to depart in ten minutes.

5)be on the point/verge of +v – ing 强调即将发生的某种事态。例如:

The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.

二、进行时态

1.现在进行时

(1)表示现在正在进行的动作,常与now,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等连用。例如:

Don’t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.

(2)表示现阶段经常发生的动作, 常与always,continually,forever,constantly等连用。例如:

My father is forever criticizing me.

(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。例如:

They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.

(4)有些动词不能用进行时,这是一类表示“感觉,感情,存在,从属”等的动词。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel, notice,look,appear,(表示感觉的词);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse, forgive(表示感情的动词);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在状态的动词);have,possess, own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示占有与从属的动词);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember (表示思考理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变,便也可用进行时态。例如:

1)Tom looks pale. What’s wrong with him?

(look 在此为联系动词,意为“显得,看上去”)

2)Tom is looking for his books.

(look 在此为实义动词,意为“寻找”)

2. 过去进行时

过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后,另一个过去的动作正在进行,或表示过去反复的习惯,常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用。例如:

1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.

2)Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.

3. 将来进行时

将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。例如:

1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.

2)What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?

4. 完成进行时

(现在、过去、将来)完成进行时是(现在、过去、将来)完成时的强调形式,将放在完成时态部分讲述。

三、完成时态

完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可分为:

1. 现在完成时

(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,just连用),或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。例如:

1)I have just finished my homework.

2)Mary has been ill for three days.

(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:since, for, during, over等引导出的短语;副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等;状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如:

1)I haven’t been there for five years.

2)So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.

3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.

(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中:

This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如:

(1)This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.

(2)There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.

2. 过去完成时

(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示;或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如:

1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.

2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.

(2)动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时,表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如:

I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to get away.

另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是:

1)was / were + to have done sth, 例如:

We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn’t.

2)intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth, 例如:

I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.

(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型:

1)hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如:

Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.

2)no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如:

No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.

3)by (the end of ) +过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如:

The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.

3. 将来完成时

将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作;也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有: by (the time / the end of ) + 表示将来时间的短语和句子;before (the end of ) + 表示将来时间的词语或句子;when, after等加上表示将来动作的句子等。例如:

1)By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shanghai.

2)I shall have finished this composition before 9 o’clock.

3)When we get on the railway station, the train will probably have left.

4. 完成进行时

完成进行时是完成时的强调形式,有现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时。

(1)现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如:

I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven’t found it.

(2)过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如:

It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.

(3)将来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。例如:

By the time you arrive tonight, she will have been typing for hours.

四:时态一致

时态一致是英语四、六级考试的一个重要内容。通常应由主句谓语的时态决定从句的谓语时态。一般原则是:

1、当主句谓语使用现在时或将来时,从句的谓语根据具体情况使用任何时态

He says that he lives in Wuhan.

We hope that there will be many people at your party today.

“Did you hear that Bill finally sold the house?” “Yes, but I don’t know who bought it.”

“There’s a lot of excitement on the street.”

“There certainly is. Do you suppose the astronauts have returned?”

2、当主句谓语使用过去时的时候,从句的谓语必须使用过去范围的时态

He said he was writing a novel.

The teacher wanted to know when we would finish the experiment.

He said his father had been an engineer.

3、当从句是表示没有时间概念的真理时,从句的谓语应使用一般现在时。例如:

The teacher told them since light travels faster than sound, lightning appears to go before thunder.

注:在此种情况下,即使主句谓语用了过去式的各种时态,从句谓语也应用一般现在时。

4、从句谓语只能用虚拟语气的情况

利用时态一致原则确定从句动词时态时,还应注意,若主语动词是表示命令、请求、要求、建议、劝告等的动词,从句谓语只能用虚拟语气,不能遵循时态一致原则。例如:

We insisted that we do it ourselves.

动词的语态

语态也是动词的一种形式,英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

1)We use electricity to run machines. (主动语态)

2)Electricity is used to run machines. (被动语态)

1. 不能用于被动语态的动词和短语

(1)在英语中,不及物动词不能用于被动语态,但有些不及物动词(包括短语)容易引起误用。如:appear, belong, belong, die, escape, fall, happen, last, remain, succeed, occur, come true, take place, consist of。

(2)某些表示状态或特征的及物动词,如:become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态。

2. 被动语态的时态形式

常用的被动语态有表1 所列的几种时态形式。

表1



时间 一般时 进行时 完成时

现在 am asked am being asked

is asked is being asked

are asked are being asked

过去

was be asked was being asked

were be asked were being asked

将来 shall be asked shall have been asked

will be asked will have been asked



过去 should be asked should have been asked

将来 would be asked would have been asked



3. 短语动词的被动语态

短语动词转换为被动语态时,通常被看作是一个动词,后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。例如:

1)So far no correct conclusion has arrived at.

2)All the rubbish should be got rid of.

4.“get + -ed分词”的被动语态

“get + -ed分词”结构强调动作的结果,而非动作本身,常用来表示突发性的,出乎意料的偶然事件。例如:

The boy got hurt on his way home from work.

另外,“get + -ed分词”还可用于谈论为自己做的事,是主动的行为而不是被动的行为。例如:

get dressed(穿衣服) get divorced(离婚)

get engaged(订婚) get confused(迷惑不解)

get lost(迷路) get washed(洗脸)

get married(结婚)

5. 能带两个宾语和复合宾语的动词改为被动语态

(1) 能带两个宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一次只能由一个宾语作主语,另一个宾语被保留下来。例如:

1)We showed the visitors our new products.(主动语态)

2)The visitors were shown our new products.(被动语态)

3)Our new products were shown to the visitors.(被动语态)

(2)能带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。例如:

1)The teacher appointed him League secretary.(主动语态)

2)He was appointed League secretary.(被动语态)

6. 被动语态与系表结构的区别

(1)The novel was well written.(系表结构)

(2)The novel was written by Diskens.(被动语态)

7. 少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思

例1:The book is selling remarkably well.

例2:The song sounds very beautiful.

能这样用的动词还有read(读起来),clean(擦起来),wash(洗起来),write(写起来)。

例3:My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).

能像need这样用的动词还有:want, require, deserve, do, owe, bind等。

例4:The meat is cooking.

例 5:The book written by the professor is printing.

英语共有16种时态,分为一般现在时(do),一般过去时(did),一般将来时(will do),现在进行时(is/am/are doing),过去进行时(was/were doing),将来进行时(可与一般将来时换用,will be doing),现在完成时(have/has done),过去完成时(had done),发生在一般过去时的动作之前),将来完成时(will have done),现在完成进行时(have/has been doing),过去完成进行时(had been doing),将来完成进行时(will have been doing),过去将来时(would do),过去将来进行时(would be doing),过去将来完成时(would have done),过去将来完成进行时(would have been doing)等。

问英语各种时态的标志词~还有语法
答:work等),用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时的区别不大。如:I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在这儿住了多年了。最后建议你去参考一本好的中学英语语法书,如《哈利英语语法》《红魔英语语法》等,都很不错,那上面有很详细的时态用法说明。

关于英语时态
答:holiday,特指这一个暑假,说明不是一直,用过去时 第二句,低头看小女孩,这是一个可持续动作,但不可能一直持续在做,所以也是过去的一个动作。一般现在时表示often,always所做的事,或是一种真理,不会改变的。一般过去时就表示发生过的一个动作,基本都可以用。理解好句子,里面都有信号。

英语中有多少种被动语态?
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答:(有时也可用陈述语气)They are willing surrender provided they are given free passage.三、用without / but for / in the absence of 表示"要不是"、"如果没有",表示条件虚拟句:Without air, nothing could live.要是没有空气,什么也不能生存。其他几种情况下的虚拟语气第一节:虚拟语气在as if / as ...

英语语法的时态问题...速求 ---一个高三学子的提问
答:我就说一下这几个时态的区别吧(一开始我也不懂,后来去问老师才明白的)have done 现在完成时 表示事情已经做完(顾名思义~~),很多人不明白它和一般过去式的区别,其实在很多情况下如果没有上下文或者明显的时态标志,它们都可以用的,例句就不说了,太多了。但,对于高考,你要记住两点1、完成时表示的是 事情已经...

请用英语16种时态造同一个句子
答:三、一下这几种,完全可以用简单时态取代。be serving as那几句是为了凑足时态造的句子。虽然没有大错,但总归叠床架屋,如果不是有特别的需要,比如强调语气,我想一般不会有人这么说。另外,这里大概只能用serve这个词。表示“做。。。”,以用系动词为主。但出现be being是不妥的,很古怪。我...

被动语态有几种形式被动语态一共有几种形式 分别是什
答:1.不知道或也没有必要说明动作的执行者时:例如: This city is well supplied with water.这个城市供水情况良好。 The meeting has been postponed till Friday.会议延期到星期五举行。 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.请参观者不要用手摸展品。 2.当说话人强调动作的执行者时:例如: ...

英语第八题怎么做?这种类型的题到底应该怎样判断它的时态啊??
答:用什么时态是谓语动词时态的用途问题,怎么用是谓语动词时态的用法问题。时态的用途以语境加时间去分析,其中语景是最不好把握的,如果没有相关的概念,谓语动词时态用途问题,基本上无从谈起。语境是语言表达的使用场合,对于时态来说,主要有四种情况:一般语境用一般时态,进行语境用进行时态,完成语境用...

详细讲一下法语中各个时态的动词变位情况和一些技巧性的记忆方法_百度...
答:直陈式现在时的第三组动词变位不规则,要自己花时间逐个记忆。复合过去时(le passé composé):法语中分简单时态和复合时态。简单时态就是完全靠动词本身的变位来体现时态的不同的;而复合时态就是要通过两个部分的复合来共同体现不同的时态的,其中,复合 时态的第一部分是“助动词”,有两个être和...