初中英语的所有的时态用法 初中英语的几种时态的用法

作者&投稿:弋左 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
1.一般现在时

  概念: 表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。

  常和 always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表时间的状语连用。

  如:1) I go to school every day . 我每天都去学校。(表经常)

  2) He is always like that . 他总是那样。 (表状态)

  构成: 1) 主语 + be (am / are / is ) +……

  2) 主语 + 实义动词 + …

  2.一般过去时

  概念: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.

  常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等.

  如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影.

  2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.

  如: He always went to work by bike last week.

  构成: 1) 主语 + be (was / were ) +……

  2) 主语 + 实义动词过去式 +

  3.现在进行时

  概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作.

  如: He is singing.

  They are watching TV now.

  构成: 主语 + 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.

  4.过去进行时

  概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作. 这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示

  外,一般用时间状语来表示.

  如: 1) ---What were you doing?

  ---I was jumping.

  2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?

  ---He was sleeping.

  构成: 主语 + 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.

  5.一般将来时

  概念: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表

  示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等.

  如: He will go shopping tomorrow.

  They are going to play basketball next week.

  构成: 1) 主语 + 助动词will + 动原 +…

  2) 主语 + be going to + 动原 + ….

6.过去将来时

  概念: 表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态.

  构成: 1) 主语(第一人称) + 助动词should + 动原 +…

  2) 主语 + would + 动原 + ….

  3) 主语 + was/ were going to +动原…

  用法: 过去将来时除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在间接引语中,主句谓语动词为过去时态.

  如: 1) I should go.

  2) You knew I would come.

  3) They were going to Naning.

  7.现在完成时

  构成: 主语 + 助动词 ( have / has ) + 动词过去分词 +…

  用法 例句

  表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. ---Have you had your lunch yet?

  ---Yes, I have. (现在我不饿了)

  8.现在完成进行时

  概念: 表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现在的动作.这一动作可能是刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来.

  构成: 主语 + 助动词 (have / has ) + been + 动词-ing +…

  如: 1. I have been sitting here for an hour.

  2. She has been collecting stamps for about 6 years.

  9.过去完成时

  构成: 主语 + 助动词 had + 动词过去分词 +…

  用法 例句

  表示过去在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作.它表示的动作发生的时间是”过

  去的过去”.表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语,也可用when, before, 等引导的

  从句或者通过上下文表示. I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.

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初中英语的所有时态和用法~

初中 无非就两大时态了
主动语态 和 被动语态
在主动语态中,主语后面接人(be +动词原型)   被动语态(be+动词过去分词)   在主动语态中,主语是谓语动词的使动方。在被动语态中,主语是谓语动词的受动方。    在语法结构上,主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于,主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语,然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法;而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语,各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。


 1.主动语态:The snowslide killed him. 雪崩害死了他。   被动语态:He was killed by the snowslide. 他死于雪崩。    2.主动语态:We use electricity to run machines. 我们用电力来开动机器。   被动语态:Electricity is used to run machines. 电力被我们用来开动机器。    3.主动语态:Bell invented the telephone in 1876.贝尔于1876年发明了电话。   被动语态:The telephone was invented by Bell in1876.电话是贝尔于1876年发

1、一般现在时

主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语; 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.

She has a brother who lives in New York.

The earth goes around the sun.

Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.

考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.

考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:

时间:when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件:if, unless, provided.

If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.

考点三:在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +宾语从句, 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.

只要他努力工作, 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。

考点四:在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。

The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、现在进行时

表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。

We are having English class.

The house is being built these days.

The little boy is always making trouble.

考点一:在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。

Look out when you are crossing the street.

Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.

考点二: 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。

Marry is leaving on Friday.

3、现在完成时

表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语:

考点一:for + 时间段;since + 时间点

They have lived in Beijing for five years.

They have lived in Beijing since 1995.

I have learned English for ten years.

考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,

Has it stopped raining yet ?

考点三:在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days;over the past few years;
during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等

考点四:表示“第几次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (worst, most
interesting ) +名词 +that” 后面跟现在完成时。

This is my first time that I have visited China.

This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

That is the only book that he has written.

4.一般过去时

表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意:

考点一:used to + do,表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式,后接动词原形。

be/become/get used to + doing,表示习惯于

He used to smoke a lot.

He has got used to getting up early.

考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替过去将来时。

He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise

5. 过去进行时

表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。

The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.

He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.

What were you doing at nine last night?

The radio was being repaired when you called me.

7. 一般将来时

表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用,其表现形式多达5种。

Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.

考点一:一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中:

We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

(主句用一般将来时,从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。)

考点二:某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等,用现在进行时形式表示将来。

I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

考点三:“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”,这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。

Use your head and you will find a way.

考点四:“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”,表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。

“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。

“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。

They are to be married in this May.

10. 动词的语态

一般用于强调受者, 做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考,而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考,只是需要注意以下考点。

考点一:不能用于被动语态的动词和词组

come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed

It took place before liberation.

考点二:下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。

lock ( 锁 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 卖 ); read ( 读 ); wear ( 穿 ); blame (责备);ride (乘坐); write ( 写 );

Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。

The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。

The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。

The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。

考点三:一些常用经典被动句型:

It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…, It is expected…, It is estimated…,

这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”,“人们认为……”,

而 “以前人们认为……” 则应该说:It was believed…, It was thought…

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