请语法高手帮我分析一下下面的选择题该选哪个,以及为什么,请详细解析一下,谢谢了! 请各位老师帮我分析一下下面的调式分析题 请给出详细的解答 谢...

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请语法高手帮我分析一下下面的选择题该选哪个,以及为什么,请详细解析一下,谢谢了!
——Good evening, I _____to see Miss Mary.
——Good evening, I'm sorry, but she is not in.
A. have come B. come C. came D.had come
答:A
译:晚上好。我来看望玛丽小姐。
晚上好。对不起,她不在。
析:首先能排除的是D. had come 因为过去完成时以过去某个时间作参照,表示在那个时间之前就已经完成了的动作或存在的情况。这里没有这个时间。
来(come)是一个短暂性动词。这个动作发生在过去,如有一个明确的过去时间,则用一般过去时。如:I came to see Mary this morning.
这里没有这样的过去时间的状语,可以排除C
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或习惯性动,句中常有often, always, sometimes等副词。如:I often come to see Mary on Sunday morning. 这里没有这样的状语。可以排除B“"
"来"这个动作发生在过去,但如强调对现在的影响或结果,则用现在完成时。所以此题最佳答案应为A。
不过,这题纯为考试语法而造且可能是made in China. 就是A,语境也不全。如果用A,则好象对话双方事先有约定似的,否则没有必要用现在完成时态(我已经来看玛丽小姐了)而语境中似乎没这层意思。对话双方很可能只是同事(或朋友)和同事(或朋友)的母亲之间的关系。
本题句与This is the first time (that) I have come to NIngbo. 中的时态类似。考试语法说 that从句中的时态应用have come, 但口语中用come也很常见。但这已经是一个句型了。所以没有多少异议。但本题句就难说了。也许口语中用come也行。且我感觉B是最顺口的。

B. come 来发生在说话的同时,用现在时

选c “我来看marry” 这一动作发生在过去, 所以考虑过去时和过去完成时,完成时强调过程,而过去时强调的是动作

选B,首先看时态,是现在,排除CD ,A是属于现在完成时态,从题中的情形看,是主人公此刻的动作,并非已完成了的

B 上下文联系很明确了。

选b,这是发生在现在的,所以用现在时,剩下几个都是过去时

一个选择,请帮我分析下语法,谢谢高手~!在线等哈~

escape
[is5keip]
n.
逃, 逃亡, 溢出设备, 出口, 逃跑, [植]野生
vi.
逃脱, 避开, 溜走
vt.
逃避, 避免, 被忘掉

escape
es.cape
AHD:[¹-sk³p“]
D.J.[!6ske!p]
K.K.[!6skep]
v.(动词)
es.caped,es.cap.ing,es.capes
v.intr.(不及物动词)
To break loose from confinement; get free.
逃走,逃脱:逃脱监禁;得到自由
To issue from confinement or an enclosure; leak or seep out:
漏出:从限制和环绕中流出来;渗漏或泄露:
Gas was escaping.
煤气漏出来
To avoid capture, danger, or harm:
逃脱,逃避:逃脱捕获、危险或伤害:
Ten prisoners had escaped.
十个罪犯越狱而逃
Botany To grow beyond a cultivated area.
【植物学】 野生:超出栽培区域的生长
v.tr.(及物动词)
To succeed in avoiding.
逃脱:成功地避免
To break loose from; get free of.
逃避,逃过:逃离;得到自由
To elude the memory or comprehension of:
忘记:超出记忆和理解范围:
Her name escapes me. The book's significance escaped him.
我忘了她的名字。他不懂那本书的重要意义
To issue involuntarily from:
发出,流出:(不自觉地)从…处流出,由…发出:
A sigh escaped my lips.
我不禁叹了口气
n.(名词)
The act or an instance of escaping.
逃跑:逃跑的动作或状况
A means of escaping.
逃跑工具或方法
A means of obtaining temporary freedom from worry, care, or unpleasantness:
逃避现实:从忧虑、担心和不愉快中得到暂时的解脱的方法:
Television is my escape from worry.
电视是我逃避现实的方法
A gradual effusion from an enclosure; a leakage.
泄漏:从包围物中逐渐渗出的漏出;泄漏
Botany A plant that has become established away from the area of cultivation.
【植物学】 野生种:脱离了耕种地区的植物
Computer Science A key used especially to interrupt a command, exit a program, or change levels within a program.
【计算机科学】 换码,转义,退出,逸出,中断执行:键盘的一个按键,中断一条指令、停止程序运行或者在同一个程序中改变层次

Middle English escapen
中古英语 escapen
from Old North French escaper
源自 古法国北方方言 escaper
from Vulgar Latin *excapp³e [to get out of one's cape, get away]
源自 俗拉丁语 *excapp³e [逃脱,摆脱某人的控制]
Latin ex- [ex-]
拉丁语 ex- [除去,离开,出自]
Medieval Latin cappa [cloak]
中世纪拉丁语 cappa [包藏]

escap“able
adj.(形容词)
escap“er
n.(名词)

escape,avoid,shun,eschew,evade,elude
These verbs mean to get or stay away from persons or things.
这些单词意思是脱逃或离开人或事物的影响和控制。
Escape can mean to get free, as from confinement, or to remain untouched or unaffected by something unwanted:
Escape 可以指得到自由、像逃离监禁或者指保持不被不想要的东西接触或影响:
“Let no guilty man escape, if it can be avoided” (Ulysses S. Grant).
“如果能够逃避,就让无罪的人自由吧!” (尤利西斯·S·格兰特)。
“It is curious . . . what shifts we make to escape thinking” (James Russell Lowell).
“令人好奇的是…我们能采取什么措施来逃脱思考” (詹姆斯·罗斯维尔·洛威尔)。
Avoid always involves an effort to keep away from what is considered to be a source of danger or difficulty:
Avoid 经常与逃离被认为是困难和危险的根源而做出的努力有关:
avoiding strenuous exercise;
逃避紧张的训练;
avoided committing herself.
逃避为对她的责任。
Shun refers to deliberately keeping clear of what is unwelcome or undesirable:
Shun 指故意与不喜欢或不想要的事物划清界限:
“Family friends . . . she shunned like the plague” (John Galsworthy).
她像逃避灾祸一样逃避家族的朋友 (约翰·高尔斯华绥)。
Eschew involves staying clear of something because to do otherwise would be unwise or morally wrong:
Eschew 指逃避做某些事物,因为做这些事是不理智的或在道义上是错误的:
“Eschew evil, and do good” (Book of Common Prayer).
“不做恶事,做善事” (普通祈祷者手册)。
Evade implies adroit maneuvering and sometimes implies dishonesty or irresponsibility:
Evade 暗指熟练地运用计策、有时也暗指不忠实或不守信用:
evading capture;
用计谋夺得;
tried to evade jury duty. Toelude is to get away from artfully:
用计得到陪审团的职务。 Elude 指巧妙地远离:
elude a blow;
避免灾祸;
eluded his pursuers.
逃避他的追踪者。

Traditionally,escape is used with from when it means “break loose” and with a direct object when it means “avoid.”Thus we might sayThe forger escaped from prison by hiding in a laundry truck, butThe forger escaped prison when he turned in his accomplices in order to get a suspended sentence. In recent years, however,escape has been used with a direct object in the sense “break free of”:
按传统的惯例,escape 与 from 连用意指“脱逃、自由”, 当加直接宾语时意思为“逃避”。因此我们可以说那个伪造者通过藏在厨房的运货车中逃离了监狱, 但却不能说那个伪造者为了得到缓刑供出了他的同伙,因此他没有进监狱。 然而近些年来,escape 与直接宾语连用, 意为“逃脱自由”:
The craft will acquire sufficient velocity to escape the sun's gravitational attraction.
飞船将会以足够快的速度来脱离太阳的引力。
This usage is well establishedand should be regarded as standard.
这个用法很有可能被确定下来,将来也许会被看作是标准用法

escape
[is5keip]
vi.
逃走, 逃脱, 逃避
避免; 免除
漏出(气, 水); 流走, 排泄, 放[抛]出
(移植的植物)长成了野生植物
escape from prison
越狱
escape from danger
幸免于难

escape
[is5keip]
vt.
逃走, 逃避, 避免, 免受
疏忽, 遗漏, 记不住, 没引起注意
逸出; 禁不住说出
透射, 贯穿, 穿透
【计】换码
escape danger
脱险
escape one's memory
被某人遗忘
escape one's lips
脱口而出
His name escapes me. (=His name escapes my memory.)
我记不得他的名字了。
A moan escaped the patient.
那病人不禁呻吟了一声。
He narrowly escaped death.
他九死一生。
escape
[is5keip]
n.
逃跑[脱], 漏出, 逸出; 避免, 忘记
逃脱的方法; 逃走的路
消遣; 解闷
出口, 排气管, 太平门, 退水闸, 逸水门
【植】野化[退化]植物; 【计】换码

escape-proof
adj.
防逃脱的
escapeway
[I`skeIpweI]
n.
逃路, 太平门[梯]

escapable
[is5keipEbl]
adj.
escapeless
adj.
escaper
n.
escapingly
adv.

have an escape
逃走
have one's escape cut off
被切断逃路
make (good) one's escape
(顺利)逃脱
narrow escape
九死一生, 幸免于难
hairbreadth escape
九死一生, 幸免于难
near escape
九死一生, 幸免于难
escape from
从...漏出[逸出]
从...逃脱, 幸免于
escape from between
从...之间逸脱
escape from oneself
忘忧

air escape
泄气
beam escape
束引出
bridge escape
摆脱桥
data link escape
数据通讯换码
emergency escape (=escapeway)
太平门
fire escape
安全门, 太平梯
gas escape
燃气漏泄, 放气
gaseous escape
气体逸出; 漏气
locking escape
封锁换码
neutron escape
中子漏泄
non-locking escape
不封 锁换码
resonance escape
共振逃逸
vagus escape
迷走逃避, 逸脱
escape of chips
排屑
escape of radioactivity
放射性漏泄
escape of taxation
避税

escape avoid evade elude
都含“避免”、“逃避”的意思。
escape 指“脱离或避开即将来临或近在眼前的伤害、危险、灾祸等事物”常作借喻用, 如:
escape death
脱离死亡。
avoid 强调“有意识地躲避不愉快的或可能发生危险的事物或情况”, 如:
I cannot avoid meeting her.
我怎么也避不开她。
evade 强调“用心机或狡猾的手段逃避或回避对自己不利的东西”, 如:
evade one's duty
逃避责任。
elude 指“避开极接近的麻烦或巧妙、迅速地逃避”, 如:
The criminal eluded the police.
那个罪犯甩掉了警察的追捕。
catch capture encounter meet face

escape
es.cape
AHD:[¹-sk³p“]
D.J.[!6ske!p]
K.K.[!6skep]
v.
es.caped,es.cap.ing,es.capes
v.intr.
To break loose from confinement; get free.
To issue from confinement or an enclosure; leak or seep out:
Gas was escaping.
To avoid capture, danger, or harm:
Ten prisoners had escaped.
Botany To grow beyond a cultivated area.
v.tr.
To succeed in avoiding.
To break loose from; get free of.
To elude the memory or comprehension of:
Her name escapes me. The book's significance escaped him.
To issue involuntarily from:
A sigh escaped my lips.
n.
The act or an instance of escaping.
A means of escaping.
A means of obtaining temporary freedom from worry, care, or unpleasantness:
Television is my escape from worry.
A gradual effusion from an enclosure; a leakage.
Botany A plant that has become established away from the area of cultivation.
Computer Science A key used especially to interrupt a command, exit a program, or change levels within a program.

Middle English escapen
from Old North French escaper
from Vulgar Latin *excapp³e [to get out of one's cape, get away]
Latin ex- [ex-]
Medieval Latin cappa [cloak]

escap“able
adj.
escap“er
n.

escape ,avoid ,shun ,eschew ,evade ,elude
These verbs mean to get or stay away from persons or things.
Escape can mean to get free, as from confinement, or to remain untouched or unaffected by something unwanted:
“Let no guilty man escape, if it can be avoided” (Ulysses S. Grant).
“It is curious . . . what shifts we make to escape thinking” (James Russell Lowell).
Avoid always involves an effort to keep away from what is considered to be a source of danger or difficulty:
avoiding strenuous exercise;
avoided committing herself.
Shun refers to deliberately keeping clear of what is unwelcome or undesirable:
“Family friends . . . she shunned like the plague” (John Galsworthy).
Eschew involves staying clear of something because to do otherwise would be unwise or morally wrong:
“Eschew evil, and do good” (Book of Common Prayer).
Evade implies adroit maneuvering and sometimes implies dishonesty or irresponsibility:
evading capture;
tried to evade jury duty. Toelude is to get away from artfully:
elude a blow;
eluded his pursuers.

Traditionally,escape is used with from when it means “break loose” and with a direct object when it means “avoid.”Thus we might sayThe forger escaped from prison by hiding in a laundry truck, butThe forger escaped prison when he turned in his accomplices in order to get a suspended sentence. In recent years, however,escape has been used with a direct object in the sense “break free of”:
The craft will acquire sufficient velocity to escape the sun's gravitational attraction.
This usage is well establishedand should be regarded as standard.

escape
evadefleeget away


我认为应选B,被动语态

我认为第一题应该是降A宫清乐。首先唱出来就很有民族感觉,也可以按照音高来确定,一般多出现音高差异很大的音的话,就很容易是民族,只是不那么准确。接着看它的调号,四个降号,可以初步确定是降A调的,以A为宫音,唱起来很顺口,最后又落回主音A上。所以是以宫音为降A,接起来所有音,有F和降B,加清角和变宫的为清乐。所以结果是降A宫清乐。不知道对不对。
至于第二题,里面没有升降号,但是唱起来又很绕口,我认为多唱就可以唱出感觉,以F为1,唱起来就很舒服。如果以F为主音,调号就是一个降B,这样加上降号,就要把乐谱中的B还原。唱出来,以F为主音,B就是四级音,本来是降的四级音,还原后,相当于升了半音,因此这首乐谱中加了相当于首调中的升F,也就是变徵,其中还有一个相当于首调中的B的E音,也就是变宫,因此是七声燕乐。乐谱结束音停在G上,G相当于徵,首调中的C,因此这首乐谱应该是C徵七声燕乐。

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